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How to use the RS485 on Aria module

This article illustrates how to use the serial ports of Aria to manage them as RS485 line

RS485 driver IC like MAX485 needs three signals to manage an RS485 bus. These lines are:

  • TXD Transmit data
  • RXD Receive data
  • DE Driver Enable data

Some of the serial ports available on the AT91SAMG25 MPU used on Aria G25 can use the RTS line as a DE line to be used with a RS485 driver chip.

To set the serial ports to work as RS485 instead of RS232 in required to tell to the Linux serial driver to work as RS485 trought the Device Tree Binding definition as explayed below.

Suitable class='acmetable' signals

This is the list of suitable class='acmetable' signal available on Aria pinout useful to implements up three RS485 lines.

usart0 - /dev/ttyS1

Signal Description MCU line Aria line
TXD0 TX line (out) PA0 S23
RXD0 RX line (inp) PA1 S22
RTS0 DE/RTS Driver enable PA2 S21
usart0: serial@f801c000 {
    pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_usart0 &pinctrl_usart0_rts>;
    linux,rs485-enabled-at-boot-time;
    rs485-rts-delay = <0 20>;
    status = "okay";
};

usart1 - /dev/ttyS2

Signal Description MCU line Aria line
TXD1 TX line (out) PA5 S18
RXD1 RX line (inp) PA6 S17
RTS1 DE/RTS Driver enable PC27 E7
usart1: serial@f8020000 {
    pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_usart1 &pinctrl_usart1_rts>;
    linux,rs485-enabled-at-boot-time;
    rs485-rts-delay = <0 20>;
    status = "okay";
};

usart2 - /dev/ttyS3

The DE/RTS pin of usart2 (/dev/ttyS3) port is not available on Aria pinout so it can be used in RS485 mode

usart3 - /dev/ttyS4

Signal Description MCU line Aria line
TXD3 TX line (out) PC22 E2
RXD3 RX line (inp) PC23 E3
RTS3 DE/RTS Driver enable PC24 E4

To use the /dev/ttyS3 you have to include in your dts this file:

#include "at91sam9x5_usart3.dtsi"   

then use this definition:

usart3: serial@f8028000 {
    pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_usart3 &pinctrl_usart3_rts>;
    linux,rs485-enabled-at-boot-time;
    rs485-rts-delay = <0 20>;
    status = "okay";
};

Links

Sergio Tanzilli
Systems designer, webmaster of www.acmesystems.it and founder of Acme Systems srl

Personal email: tanzilli@acmesystems.it
Web pages: https://www.acmesystems.it --- https://www.acmestudio.it
Github repositories: https://github.com/tanzilli --- https://github.com/acmesystems
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